What do building codes regulate?

Building codes primarily regulate construction methods and materials used in property improvements to ensure safety, accessibility, and compliance with standards that protect public health and welfare. These codes provide guidelines for structural integrity, electrical systems, plumbing, fire safety, and more. By setting minimum safety standards, building codes help ensure that buildings can withstand environmental stresses and are safe for occupancy.

While the other options touch on important aspects of construction and environmental considerations, they are not the primary focus of building codes. Environmental impact assessments are more related to zoning and environmental law rather than the specifics of construction practices. Energy consumption is governed by energy codes, which may be a subset of building codes but do not cover the full scope of typical building regulations. Pollutant emissions are also regulated separately under environmental law rather than building codes, which are focused on the physical structure and safety of the building itself.